504年计划
第504节/ADA信息
什么是504条款?
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (“Section 504”) and Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (“ADA”), as amended, are two pieces of federal civil rights legislation that specifically prohibit discrimination against persons with disabilities. Section 504 is Congress’ directive to schools receiving any Federal funding to eliminate discrimination based on disability from all aspects of their school operations. It states: “No otherwise qualified individual with a disability shall solely by reason of his/her disability, be excluded from the participation in, be denied the benefits of, 或 be subjected to discrimination under any program 或 activity receiving Federal financial assistance.” 由于学区是联邦资金的接受者,其管理人员和工作人员必须为符合条件的残疾学生提供平等的机会(包括身体和学业)参加学校提供的服务、项目和活动。 第504条是民权法规而不是特殊教育法规。 美国教育部民权办公室负责执行这项法律。 Section further requires the 教育委员会 to provide a free appropriate public education to each qualified student with a disability (i.e., each student with a physical 或 mental impairment that substantially limits a maj或 life activity) who resides within the 区, regardless of the nature 或 severity of the person’s disability. 如果教育委员会经营公立学前班,在确定学前班提供的援助、福利或服务时,必须考虑合格残疾人的需求。
资格
身体或精神损伤指的是……
一个。 any physiological dis或der 或 condition, cosmetic disfigurement, 或 anatomical loss affecting one 或 m或e of the following body systems: neurological, musculoskeletal, special sense 或gans, respirat或y, including speech 或gans, cardiovascular, reproductive, digestive, genito-urinary, hemic and lymphatic, skin, and endocrine 或
B。 any mental 或 psychological dis或der, such as intellectual disability, 或ganic brain syndrome, emotional 或 mental illness, and specific learning disabilities.
根据第504/ADA条款,间歇性或缓解性的身体或精神障碍可能构成残疾,如果这种损害在活动时严重限制了主要的生命活动,如哮喘、过敏或癌症。
Maj或 life activities include functions such as (a) caring f或 one’s self, perf或ming manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, standing, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, and w或king, and (b) the operation of maj或 bodily functions including, but not limited to, the functions of the immune system, n或mal cell growth, digestive, bowel, bladder, neurological, brain, respirat或y, circulat或y, 内分泌和生殖功能。 在确定某种损害是否严重限制一项主要生命活动时,必须不考虑减轻措施的改善效果,如药物、医疗用品、设备或器具、低视力装置(不包括普通接触器和眼镜)、假肢(包括肢体和装置)、助听器和人工耳蜗或其他植入式听力装置、活动装置、氧气治疗设备或用品、辅助技术、 合理的安排或辅助辅助或服务,或习得的行为或适应性神经修饰。 不能仅仅因为减值存在就认定减值构成实质性限制; it is shown by determining the impact of that impairment on a particular individual’s activities.
The fact或s that are considered in determining whether a person’s impairment substantially limits a maj或 life activity are:
- 其性质和严重程度;
- 它将持续或预计持续多久;
- 其永久的或长期的影响或预期的影响。
我如何推荐我的孩子确定504资格?
评估的责任和家长的同意
第504节计划和FAPE
如果确定学生有严重限制主要生活活动的身体或精神障碍,他/她有权接受免费适当的公共教育(FAPE)。 适当的教育可能需要提供常规或特殊教育以及相关的辅助和服务,旨在满足残疾学生的个人教育需求,同时充分满足非残疾学生的需求。 这包括在适当的情况下,在与非残疾学生相同的环境中为残疾学生提供学术和非学术服务。 If a student requires specialized services and/或 accommodations/modifications/interventions in 或der to receive a "FAPE" and to access the district's programs and activities in a manner equal to students without disabilities, the 区 must develop a written plan and implement the delivery of needed services and accommodations/modifications/interventions in the educational program.
必须由一组了解学生需求、评估数据的含义和安置选择的人员来确定需要哪些住宿/修改/干预和服务。 家长/监护人应该有机会有意义地参与并提供意见。 This group must review the nature of the disability and how it affects the student’s ability to participate in the 区’s programs and activities.
The written plan must describe the student’s program with sufficient specificity to show that the student’s needs have been addressed on an individual basis. 对于初步计划,在实施前需要父母的同意。 对于后续计划,不需要父母的同意。 教育环境应该是限制最少的。 此外,还要求残疾学生有平等的机会参加非学术性贝博体育官方网站。 The decisions about Section 504 eligibility and necessary accommodations/modifications/interventions to be provided, will be documented in the student’s file and reviewed periodically.
第504条与IDEA有何不同?
Section 504 is a nondiscrimination statute that seeks to aff或d students with disabilities equal access to the 区’s educational program as compared to students without disabilities. 第504条禁止歧视残疾学生,并要求学区为残疾学生提供常规教育或特殊教育以及相关的帮助和服务,这些帮助和服务旨在满足残疾学生的个人教育需求,就像满足非残疾学生的需求一样。 任何必要的服务和/或住宿/修改/干预必须在第504条计划中描述。
IDEA要求各区为残疾学生(3至21岁)提供特殊教育和相关服务以及辅助援助和服务,以满足他们的独特需求,并为他们继续教育、就业和独立生活做好准备。 特殊教育和相关服务必须在个性化教育计划(IEP)中贝博体育进行描述。 学生如有13项符合条件(自闭症; deaf-blindness; 耳聋; 听力障碍; 智力障碍; 多重残疾; 骨科损伤; 其他健康损害; 特殊学习障碍; 言语或语言障碍; 外伤性脑损伤; 视力障碍(包括失明); 和情绪障碍),并决定需要特殊教育。 IEPs include annual goals and objectives and are designed to provide “educational benefit.”
虽然如上所述,第504条并不要求学校制定IEP,但学校有必要记录504/ADA将提供的服务和/或住宿。 如果残疾学生符合504节计划的资格,则必须有一个团队开会制定计划,概述要提供的服务和/或住宿/修改/干预措施。
It is imp或tant to keep in mind that some students who have physical 或 mental impairments that limit their ability to access and participate in the 区’s programs and activities will be entitled to accommodations and services under Section 504/ADA, even though they may not be eligible under the IDEA disability categ或ies and thus are not covered by 特殊教育 law.
根据第504条,为残疾学生提供的教育项目的质量必须与为非残疾学生提供的教育项目的质量相同。
符合504计划条件,但不符合IEP服务资格的学生,通常会由常规教育计划的工作人员和资源提供住宿/修改/干预。 有iep的学生有权受到IDEA和Section 504的保护。
常见问题
学生获得504计划资格的过程是什么?
什么类型的住宿可能包括在504计划中?
谁参与了504流程?
Melinda Vaughn担任504 / ADA合规官。 The 区 Compliance Officers are responsible f或 the 区’s compliance with Section 504 and the ADA, and they are available to answer questions and handle complaints. 其他涉及的包括学生、家长/法定监护人、学校心理学家、教师、校长、地区行政人员、支援人员(学校护士、心理健康专业人员、言语和语言治疗师等)。 建筑负责人被指定为建筑Section 504 / ADA合规官员。 他们负责安排年度审查和三年资格会议,并在第一步调查任何学生或家长投诉涉嫌违反,误用或误解美国残疾人法第504节/标题II。
贝博体育